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  1. Cane, Ella Du Ella Mary Du Cane (1874-1943) was the third and youngest daughter of politician and colonial administrator Sir Charles Du Cane and his wife, Georgiana Susan Copley. Through her mother, she was the great-granddaughter of the artist John Singleton Copley. She was born in Hobart, Tasmania, in the last year of her father's five-year term as Governor of Tasmania, shortly before the family returned to their country house at Braxted Park, Essex. Her older sister Florence was born in 1869. Ella m...
  2. Brunelleschi, Umberto Umberto Brunelleschi (1879-1949) was an Italian artist. He was born in Montemurlo, Italy, studied at the Accademia delle Belle Arti in Florence and moved to Paris in 1900 with Ardengo Soffici where he soon established himself as a printer, book illustrator, set and costume designer. He worked for Le Rire as a caricaturist (often under the pseudonym's Aroun-al-Raxid or Aron-al-Rascid) and was a contributor to many of the deluxe French fashion publications including Journal des Dames et Des...
  3. Chavannes, Pierre Puvis de Pierre Puvis de Chavannes (1824-1898) was a French painter known for his mural painting, who came to be known as "the painter for France". He became the co-founder and president of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, and his work influenced many other artists, notably Robert Genin, and he aided medallists by designs and suggestions for their works. Puvis de Chavannes was a prominent painter in the early Third Republic. Émile Zola described his work as "an art made of reason, pas...
  4. Caravaggio Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1571-1610), known mononymously as Caravaggio, was an Italian painter active in Rome for most of his artistic life. Caravaggio was born in Milan, where his father, Fermo (Fermo Merixio), was a household administrator and architect-decorator to the marquess of Caravaggio, a town 35 km (22 mi) to the east of Milan and south of Bergamo. In 1576 the family moved to Caravaggio to escape a plague that ravaged Milan, and Caravaggio's father and grandfather both...
  5. Chéret, Jules Jules Chéret (1836-1932) was a French painter and lithographer who became a master of Belle Époque poster art. He has been called the father of the modern poster. Born in Paris to a poor but creative family of artisans, Chéret had a very limited education. At age thirteen, he began a three-year apprenticeship with a lithographer and then his interest in painting led him to take an art course at the École Nationale de Dessin. Like most other fledgling artists, Chéret studied the techniques of ...
  6. Cézanne, Paul Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) is often hailed as one of the most influential painters in the history of modern art. Born in 1839 in Aix-en-Provence, France, Cézanne's work laid the foundation for the transition from 19th-century Impressionism to the radically different world of 20th-century Cubism. His innovative approach to form, colour and composition significantly influenced later artists such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse. Cézanne began his artistic journey in Paris, where he met and ...
  7. Capek, Josef Josef Čapek (1887-1945) was a Czech artist who was best known as a painter, but who was also noted as a writer and a poet. He invented the word "robot", which was introduced into literature by his brother, Karel Čapek. Čapek was born in Hronov, Bohemia (Austria-Hungary, later Czechoslovakia, now the Czech Republic) in 1887. First a painter of the Cubist school, he later developed his own playful, minimalist style. He collaborated with his brother Karel on a number of plays and short s...
  8. Carqueville, William William L. Carqueville (1871-1946) trained as a lithographer in his father's firm. He studied in Paris and returned after 1900 to work for the Chicago Tribune. He lived in Chicago for most of his life. He founded his own lithographic press there and designed posters for Lippincott's as well as other American literary magazines. His style was somewhat influenced by another American poster artist, Edward Penfield. In the United States, as in Europe at this time, literary magazines flour...
  9. Cobb, Ruth Ruth Cobb (1878-1950) was an English illustrator and writer, particularly noted for portraying children and dolls in colourful costumes. Ruth was born on 14th June 1878 to Thomas Cobb, a future novelist but at the time evidently a tailor in New Bond Street, London. However the family soon moved to Tunbridge Wells where her sister and brother were born. All the family became busy writers, but young Ruth was determined to be simply an illustrator. She worked first in a studio then as a freela...
  10. Clausen, George Sir George Clausen RA RWS RI ROI (1852-1944) was a British artist working in oil and watercolour, etching, mezzotint, drypoint and occasionally lithographs. He was knighted in 1927. George Clausen was born at 8 William Street in the Regents Park district of London on 18 April 1852, the son of a decorative artist of Danish descent and a Scottish mother. From 1867 to 1873, he attended design classes at the South Kensington Schools in London with great success. He then worked in the studio of Ed...
  11. Clarke, Harry Henry Patrick Clarke RHA (1889-1931) was an Irish stained-glass artist and book illustrator. Born in Dublin, he was a leading figure in the Irish Arts and Crafts Movement. His work was influenced by both the Art Nouveau and Art Deco movements. His stained glass was particularly informed by the French Symbolist movement. He was born on 17 March 1889, the younger son and third child of Joshua Clarke and Brigid (née MacGonigal) Clarke. Joshua Clarke was a church decorator who moved to Dublin fro...
  12. Cogniet, Léon Léon Cogniet (1794-1880) was a French history and portrait painter. He is probably best remembered as a teacher, with more than one hundred notable students. He was born in Paris. His father was a painter and wallpaper designer. In 1812, he enrolled at the École des Beaux-arts, where he studied with Pierre-Narcisse Guérin. He also worked in the studios of Jean-Victor Bertin. After failing an attempt to win the Prix de Rome in 1816, he won the following year with his depiction of Helen Rescued...
  13. Clausen, Katherine Katherine 'Kitty' Frances Clausen (1886-1936) was a painter and engraver who was born in New York and lived and worked in London and Dublin. Daughter of Sir George Clausen, Kitty studied at the Royal Academy Schools 1908-1913, where she was awarded the 1st Silver medal for a painting of a figure from the life, 1910; 2nd Armitage prize £10 for a design in monochrome for a figure picture, 1911 and the Landseer scholarship £40 for 2 years 1911. She exhibited at the Royal Academy, New Eng...
  14. Clark of Greenock, William William Clark (1803-1883) was a Scottish painter of ship portraits and shipping scenes. He was born in Greenock, near Glasgow, on 26th June 1803 and worked his entire life there, dying on 11th November 1883. Clark was the son of a Greenock seaman and was originally apprenticed to a house-painter, but set up business as a marine artist on 1 March, 1830. His studio was in William Street in Greenock. In 1835 he received a commission from the Society of the Royal Northern Yacht Club to paint a re...
  15. Clifton, John John Skinner Clifton (1821-1889) was born in Beverley in East Yorkshire in 1821, son of William Clifton and Mary Noble Clifton. He trained at the Royal Academy and exhibited three pictures there 1852-69, and two at the British Institution 1861-67. He is recorded living in London in 1852, but had moved to Oxford by 1857. The 1881 census shows that he was assistant master of the department of science and art at that time, presumably at Oxford University. He was a painter of historical and lite...
  16. Dyck, Anthony van Anthony Van Dyck (1599-1641) was a 17th-century Flemish Baroque painter renowned for his striking portraiture and contributions to the artistic landscape of England. Born in Antwerp on 22 March 1599, he was a prominent figure in the art world during his lifetime, and his influence continues to resonate with artists and art lovers today. Van Dyck began his artistic journey at an early age, entering the studio of the established painter Hendrick van Balen when he was just 10 years old. His ea...